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Topiramate is prescribed for treatment of seizures and prevention of migraines. Side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, mood changes, other CNS effects, and decreased appetite. More serious effects include kidney stones, acidosis, vision changes, and suicidal thoughts. Topiramate has many drug interactions. It should not be taken when pregnant and can cause birth defects.
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Valproic acid is used for seizures, mania of bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, tremors, weight gain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, and hair loss. Serious toxicity may affect blood, bone marrow, liver, pancreas, and brain. Allergic reactions and drug interactions are also possible.
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Lamotrigine is prescribed for epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, incoordination, tremor, and tiredness. It can temporarily affect word recall. Serious allergic reactions are possible. Lamotrigine can also worsen depression. Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants. Lamotrigine has significant drug and supplement interactions.
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Levetiracetam is prescribed for seizures. The first brand name was Keppra®, but other products are now on the market. Common side effects are drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness and headaches. Mood instability, other neuropsychiatric symptoms, rashes, allergic reactions, and infections are possible. Avoid alcohol, drugs, and supplements with sedative effects while taking levetiracetam.
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Phenytoin may cause sleepiness, confusion, slurred speech, unsteady gait, headache, incoordination, abnormal body movements, involuntary eye movements (nystagmus), unwanted hair growth, and overgrowth of gums. Severe allergic reactions are possible. It interacts with many drugs.
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Adderall is a combination of 2 central nervous stimulants: amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Its main use is the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In overdose, it can cause serious central nervous system and cardiovascular effects.
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Fentanyl is a powerful opioid pain medication as well as a common contaminant found in illicit drugs. It can cause users to stop breathing, resulting in death. The antidote naloxone (Narcan) can reverse the effects of a fentanyl overdose if given in time.
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Famotidine is a medication commonly used for heartburn, reflux, and other gastric conditions. The dosing of famotidine varies based on the condition being treated, and famotidine is usually taken once or twice daily. Side effects of famotidine include headache and constipation or diarrhea. Use of famotidine has not been associated with cancer development in humans.
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Ethyl chloride is a local anesthetic agent that relieves pain by cooling the skin surface. Ethyl chloride abuse, which occurs when individuals intentionally inhale its vapors, can result in sleepiness, abnormal heart rhythms, and death. Ethyl chloride is flammable and can cause frostbite if used incorrectly.
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Eliquis (apixaban) is an oral medication that reduces the risk of forming blood clots. The most common side effect is bleeding/bruising. Do not take more than prescribed as it puts you at higher risk for bleeding. Follow up with your healthcare provider regularly if you are prescribed this medication.
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